Mumps (Epidemic Parotitis): Symptoms, Complications, and Vaccination | Clinique Omicron<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les oreillons sont une infection virale causant une parotidite bilat\u00e9rale douloureuse. Complications (orchite, m\u00e9ningite, pancr\u00e9atite), vaccination RRO et prise en charge au Qu\u00e9bec.\">\n<meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"oreillons, parotidite ourlienne, oreillons sympt\u00f4mes, oreillons complications, oreillons orchite, oreillons m\u00e9ningite, vaccin oreillons RRO, oreillons adulte, oreillons Qu\u00e9bec, parotidite virale\">\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Cinzel:wght@600&family=Poppins:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n<style>\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Cinzel:wght@600&family=Poppins:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap');\n\n.co-wrap * {\n font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n.co-wrap {\n max-width: 1100px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n padding: 30px 0 60px;\n margin-top: 10px;\n}\n.co-label {\n font-family: 'Cinzel', serif;\n font-size: 14px;\n font-weight: bold;\n letter-spacing: 1px;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n color: #4D6577;\n margin-bottom: 14px;\n display: block;\n}\n.co-wrap h1 {\n font-size: 32px;\n font-weight: 500;\n color: #323C52;\n margin: 0 0 22px;\n line-height: 1.2;\n letter-spacing: 0.5px;\n}\n.co-intro {\n font-size: 16px;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.75;\n color: #4D6577;\n margin-bottom: 36px;\n padding-bottom: 32px;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(77,101,119,.2);\n}\n.co-wrap h2 {\n font-size: 20px;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: #323C52;\n margin: 32px 0 12px;\n letter-spacing: 0.3px;\n}\n.co-wrap p {\n font-size: 15px;\n font-weight: 400;\n color: #4D6577;\n line-height: 1.7;\n margin-bottom: 14px;\n}\n.co-list {\n list-style: none;\n padding: 0;\n margin: 12px 0 24px;\n}\n.co-list li {\n font-size: 15px;\n font-weight: 400;\n color: #4D6577;\n padding: 10px 14px 10px 38px;\n margin-bottom: 8px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n position: relative;\n background: rgba(77,101,119,.06);\n border-left: 3px solid #4D6577;\n}\n.co-list li::before {\n content: \"\u2713\";\n position: absolute;\n left: 12px;\n font-weight: 700;\n color: #4D6577;\n}\n.co-table {\n width: 100%;\n border-collapse: collapse;\n margin: 14px 0 22px;\n font-size: 14px;\n border-radius: 8px;\n overflow: hidden;\n}\n.co-table thead tr {\n background: #323C52;\n color: #fff;\n}\n.co-table thead th {\n padding: 11px 16px;\n text-align: left;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: 13px;\n}\n.co-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) {\n background: rgba(77,101,119,.06);\n}\n.co-table tbody tr:nth-child(odd) {\n background: #fff;\n}\n.co-table td {\n padding: 10px 16px;\n color: #4D6577;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(77,101,119,.12);\n font-size: 14px;\n vertical-align: top;\n}\n.co-table td:first-child {\n font-weight: 600;\n color: #323C52;\n}\n.co-infobox {\n display: flex;\n gap: 12px;\n background: rgba(77,101,119,.06);\n border-radius: 8px;\n border-left: 4px solid #4D6577;\n padding: 14px 18px;\n margin: 18px 0 28px;\n font-size: 14px;\n font-weight: 400;\n color: #4D6577;\n line-height: 1.65;\n}\n.co-infobox .ico {\n font-size: 18px;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.co-urgence {\n background: #fff8f8;\n border-left: 5px solid #c0392b;\n border-radius: 6px;\n padding: 20px 26px;\n margin: 24px 0 32px;\n}\n.co-urgence .co-urgence-titre {\n font-size: 13px;\n font-weight: 700;\n color: #c0392b;\n letter-spacing: 1.5px;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n}\n.co-urgence p {\n color: #5a2020;\n font-size: 14px;\n margin: 0 0 10px;\n line-height: 1.7;\n}\n.co-urgence p:last-child {\n margin-bottom: 0;\n}\n.co-disclaimer {\n font-size: 13px;\n color: #8a9aaa;\n font-style: italic;\n border-top: 1px solid rgba(77,101,119,.15);\n padding-top: 24px;\n margin-top: 40px;\n line-height: 1.6;\n}\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"co-wrap\">\n\n <span class=\"co-label\">Infectiologie & M\u00e9decine de famille & Sant\u00e9 publique<\/span>\n <h1>Mumps (mumps parotitis)<\/h1>\n\n <div class=\"co-intro\">\n Les oreillons \u2014 \u00e9galement d\u00e9sign\u00e9s parotidite ourlienne ou parotidite \u00e9pid\u00e9mique \u2014 sont une maladie infectieuse virale aigu\u00eb caus\u00e9e par le virus ourlien (<em>Mumps virus<\/em>), belonging to the genre <em>Rubulavirus<\/em> of the family of <em>Paramyxoviridae<\/em>. Transmitted by respiratory droplets and direct contact with the saliva of an infected person, the virus is highly contagious, with a basic reproduction index (R\u2080) estimated at 4 to 7 in a non-immune population. The most characteristic and well-known clinical manifestation is bilateral parotitis - painful swelling of the parotid glands on either side of the face giving the patient a characteristic \u00abhamster\u00bb or \u00abmoon\u00bb appearance - although up to 20-30 % of infections are asymptomatic and 40-50 % present as non-specific upper respiratory symptoms without obvious parotid involvement. Before the introduction of the MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella) vaccine into Canadian immunization programs in 1969-1971, mumps was a major cause of acquired deafness in children, viral meningitis and orchitis in adolescents and young adults. Since then, incidence has fallen by more than 99 % in Quebec and the rest of Canada. However, epidemics persist in under-vaccinated communities and among young adults who have received two doses of vaccine but whose immunity has waned over time - a phenomenon observed during documented epidemics in several North American colleges and universities since 2006, explaining why some societies of preventive medicine recommend a third dose of vaccine in epidemic contexts. Mumps is a notifiable disease in Quebec. In unvaccinated adults, the disease is generally more severe than in children, with a higher risk of complications - orchitis (testicular inflammation) affecting 20 to 50 % of affected post-pubertal men, and leading to testicular atrophy and, in rare cases, male infertility.\n <\/div>\n\n <h2>Virologie, transmission et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie<\/h2>\n <ul class=\"co-list\">\n <li><strong>Agent pathog\u00e8ne :<\/strong> Paramyxovirus, negative-sense single-stranded RNA, enveloped, two surface proteins: hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN - cell receptor sialic acid binding) and fusion protein (F - membrane fusion and viral entry), 12 identified genotypes (A through N), genotypes C, D, G, H, and J currently most prevalent in North America, vaccines based on the Jeryl Lynn strain (genotype A) provide effective cross-protection against the majority of circulating genotypes despite genetic divergences<\/li>\n <li><strong>Transmission:<\/strong> respiratory droplets (coughing + sneezing + talking) + direct contact with infected saliva (kissing + sharing utensils + sharing bottles) + the virus is present in saliva 7 days before the onset of parotitis up to 9 days after + maximal contagiousness period in the 2 days before and 5 days after the onset of symptoms<\/li>\n <li><strong>P\u00e9riode d'incubation :<\/strong> 16 to 18 days (range: 12 to 25 days) + one of the longest incubations among common viral infections<\/li>\n <li><strong>Pathogen\u00e8se :<\/strong> primary replication in the respiratory epithelium + viremia \u2192 dissemination to salivary glands (parotid ++), testes, ovaries, pancreas, meninges, inner ear + glandular acinar cell affection \u2192 inflammation + edema + local cell necrosis<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie au Qu\u00e9bec :<\/strong> fewer than 100 cases reported annually since the 1990s + sporadic epidemics associated with university campuses + summer camps + religious communities refusing vaccination + importations during international travel + young adults born between 1970 and 1985 (having received only one dose of vaccine in childhood) represent a risk group during outbreaks<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>Clinical presentation<\/h2>\n\n <table class=\"co-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>Stage and manifestations<\/th>\n <th>Clinical description<\/th>\n <th>Duration and evolution<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td>Prodrome (1 \u00e0 2 jours avant la parotidite)<\/td>\n <td>Fi\u00e8vre mod\u00e9r\u00e9e (38 \u00e0 39 \u00b0C) + c\u00e9phal\u00e9es + malaise g\u00e9n\u00e9ral + myalgies + anorexie + douleur \u00e0 la mastication + douleur \u00e0 l'oreille accentu\u00e9e par la mastication ou la d\u00e9glutition + la douleur pr\u00e9auriculaire peut pr\u00e9c\u00e9der le gonflement visible de 24 \u00e0 48 heures<\/td>\n <td>1 \u00e0 2 jours + souvent peu marqu\u00e9 chez l'enfant<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Parotidite aigu\u00eb \u2014 phase caract\u00e9ristique<\/td>\n <td>Gonflement douloureux des glandes parotides, d'abord unilat\u00e9ral puis bilat\u00e9ral dans 70 \u00e0 80 % des cas en 1 \u00e0 5 jours + aspect caract\u00e9ristique en \u00ab hamster \u00bb \u2014 visage arrondi avec effacement du sillon pr\u00e9auriculaire + distal de la branche mandibulaire + le canal de St\u00e9non (ostium excr\u00e9teur de la parotide) appara\u00eet \u00e9ryth\u00e9mateux et \u0153d\u00e9mateux \u00e0 l'examen de la muqueuse buccale (contrairement aux parotidites bact\u00e9riennes suppur\u00e9es o\u00f9 du pus est exprim\u00e9) + fi\u00e8vre souvent entre 38 et 40 \u00b0C + douleur aggrav\u00e9e par les aliments acides (jus de citron + vinaigrette) qui stimulent la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion salivaire<\/td>\n <td>Gonflement maximal \u00e0 J3\u2013J4 + r\u00e9gression progressive sur 7 \u00e0 10 jours + r\u00e9solution compl\u00e8te en 10 \u00e0 14 jours<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Forms without parotitis<\/td>\n <td>20 \u00e0 30 % des infections asymptomatiques + 40 \u00e0 50 % pr\u00e9sentent des sympt\u00f4mes respiratoires sup\u00e9rieurs non sp\u00e9cifiques ou une fi\u00e8vre isol\u00e9e sans gonflement parotidien \u00e9vident + parfois atteinte des glandes sous-mandibulaires ou sublinguales seules (difficile \u00e0 distinguer cliniquement d'une ad\u00e9nopathie cervicale)<\/td>\n <td>Contagiosit\u00e9 identique aux formes avec parotidite + diagnostic souvent manqu\u00e9 \u2192 importance \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique pour la transmission<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n\n <h2>Complications<\/h2>\n\n <table class=\"co-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>Complication<\/th>\n <th>Fr\u00e9quence et caract\u00e9ristiques<\/th>\n <th>Support<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td>Ourlian orchid<\/td>\n <td>20 \u00e0 50 % des hommes post-pub\u00e8res atteints + survient 4 \u00e0 8 jours apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de la parotidite + unilat\u00e9rale dans 80 \u00e0 90 % des cas + douleur testiculaire intense + gonflement + \u00e9ryth\u00e8me scrotal + fi\u00e8vre \u00e9lev\u00e9e (39 \u00e0 40 \u00b0C) + peut pr\u00e9c\u00e9der la parotidite ou survenir sans parotidite dans 30 % des cas + atrophie testiculaire dans 30 \u00e0 50 % des testicules touch\u00e9s + infertilit\u00e9 masculine dans moins de 13 % des cas d'orchite bilat\u00e9rale (rare car l'orchite bilat\u00e9rale ne touche que 15\u201330 % des hommes avec orchite)<\/td>\n <td>Traitement symptomatique : suspension scrotale + AINS ou parac\u00e9tamol + application de glace + repos + cortico\u00efdes (prednisolone 1 mg\/kg\/j \u00d7 3\u20135 jours) pour r\u00e9duire l'inflammation et le risque d'atrophie testiculaire dans les formes s\u00e9v\u00e8res (efficacit\u00e9 non formellement prouv\u00e9e mais utilis\u00e9s en pratique) + pas de traitement antiviral efficace disponible<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>M\u00e9ningite aseptique ourlienne<\/td>\n <td>Complication la plus fr\u00e9quente des oreillons (5 \u00e0 15 % des cas symptomatiques) + souvent subclinique + c\u00e9phal\u00e9es + raideur de nuque + photophobie + peut pr\u00e9c\u00e9der + accompagner ou suivre la parotidite de plusieurs jours + LCR : pl\u00e9iocytose lymphocytaire (10 \u00e0 2 000 cellules\/\u00b5L) + prot\u00e9ines l\u00e9g\u00e8rement \u00e9lev\u00e9es + glucose normal ou l\u00e9g\u00e8rement abaiss\u00e9 + le virus est d\u00e9tectable dans le LCR par PCR + \u00e9volution spontan\u00e9ment favorable en 3 \u00e0 10 jours dans la quasi-totalit\u00e9 des cas<\/td>\n <td>Traitement symptomatique : antalgiques + repos + hydratation + ponction lombaire si doute diagnostique avec m\u00e9ningite bact\u00e9rienne + pronostic excellent + s\u00e9quelles neurologiques tr\u00e8s rares<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Enc\u00e9phalite ourlienne<\/td>\n <td>Rare (1\u20132 pour 10 000 cas) mais grave + confusion + convulsions + troubles de la conscience + peut survenir sans parotidite + mortalit\u00e9 1,4 % + s\u00e9quelles neurologiques permanentes possibles<\/td>\n <td>Hospitalisation en soins intensifs + traitement de support + anticonvulsivants si \u00e9pilepsie + pas de traitement antiviral sp\u00e9cifique efficace<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Surdit\u00e9 neurosensorielle<\/td>\n <td>Surdit\u00e9 de perception unilat\u00e9rale dans 1 pour 20 000 cas + principale cause de surdit\u00e9 unilat\u00e9rale acquise chez l'enfant dans les pays sans vaccination universelle + m\u00e9canisme : atteinte de la cochl\u00e9e et du nerf cochl\u00e9aire par le virus + souvent irreversible<\/td>\n <td>Audiologie d\u00e8s la phase aigu\u00eb si sympt\u00f4mes auditifs (acouph\u00e8nes + baisse d'acuit\u00e9 auditive) + r\u00e9habilitation auditive si surdit\u00e9 permanente + pas de traitement curatif<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Pancr\u00e9atite ourlienne<\/td>\n <td>4 % des cas + douleur \u00e9pigastrique + naus\u00e9es + vomissements + \u00e9l\u00e9vation des lipases et de l'amylase + g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement l\u00e9g\u00e8re et auto-r\u00e9solutive + examen utile : lipase s\u00e9rique (plus sp\u00e9cifique que l'amylase pour la pancr\u00e9atite dans ce contexte + l'amylase peut \u00eatre \u00e9lev\u00e9e par la parotidite elle-m\u00eame)<\/td>\n <td>Traitement symptomatique + di\u00e8te hydrique + antidouleurs + l'hypoglyc\u00e9mie post-pancr\u00e9atite ourlienne est exceptionnelle + r\u00e9solution en 1 \u00e0 2 semaines<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Oophoritis (in women)<\/td>\n <td>5 % des femmes post-pub\u00e8res atteintes + douleur pelvienne + douleur annexielle + beaucoup moins bien document\u00e9e que l'orchite masculine + infertilit\u00e9 d\u00e9finitive rarement rapport\u00e9e + insuffisance ovarienne pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e exceptionnelle<\/td>\n <td>Symptomatic treatment + NSAIDs + analgesics<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n\n <div class=\"co-infobox\">\n <span class=\"ico\">\u2139\ufe0f<\/span>\n <span>L'orchite ourlienne chez l'homme adulte non vaccin\u00e9 est l'une des complications les plus redout\u00e9es des oreillons \u2014 30 \u00e0 50 % des testicules touch\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentent une atrophie r\u00e9siduelle. Tout homme adulte pr\u00e9sentant une parotidite bilat\u00e9rale f\u00e9brile doit \u00eatre pr\u00e9venu du risque d'orchite et consulter imm\u00e9diatement si une douleur testiculaire appara\u00eet dans les jours suivants, afin d'instaurer rapidement le traitement de support et, selon la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9, une corticoth\u00e9rapie. Cette complication souligne l'importance capitale de la vaccination RRO (deux doses) chez tous les adultes qui n'ont pas re\u00e7u le sch\u00e9ma complet dans leur enfance.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2>Biological diagnosis<\/h2>\n <ul class=\"co-list\">\n <li><strong>RT-PCR (transcription inverse \u2014 r\u00e9action en cha\u00eene par polym\u00e9rase) sur pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement buccal ou urinaire :<\/strong> reference method + saliva or oral swab collection + to be performed within 9 days of the onset of parotitis (maximum sensitivity within the first 3 days) + allows for direct detection of viral genome + typing of the epidemic genotype for epidemiological surveillance + method recommended by the Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec (INSPQ) for case confirmation in an epidemic context<\/li>\n <li><strong>S\u00e9rologie (IgM et IgG anti-virus ourlien) :<\/strong> IgM anti-mumps \u2192 present from the 3rd-5th day after symptom onset + persist for 2-3 months + indicate recent infection + can be falsely negative in the early days and in vaccinated individuals (attenuated IgM response in case of revaccination) + IgG \u2192 present 1-2 weeks after onset + persist for life (natural or vaccine-induced immunity) + seroconversion (rise in IgG titer between two samples 14 days apart) confirms acute infection in cases of negative IgM<\/li>\n <li><strong>Bilan biologique compl\u00e9mentaire selon les complications :<\/strong> serum lipase and amylase (pancreatitis) + CBC (leukopenia + relative lymphocytosis often seen in viral infections) + CSF if meningitis suspected (lymphocytic pleocytosis + mumps PCR on CSF) + audiometry if hearing loss<\/li>\n <li><strong>Salivary amylase (S isoenzyme):<\/strong> Mumps (viral + bacterial + salivary calculi) can suggest the diagnosis but is not specific. Elevated total amylase in mumps does not necessarily indicate pancreatitis (pancreatic amylase P + salivary amylase S both contribute to total amylase).<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>Pr\u00e9vention \u2014 vaccination RRO et contexte qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois<\/h2>\n <ul class=\"co-list\">\n <li><strong>Vaccin RRO (Rougeole-Rub\u00e9ole-Oreillons) :<\/strong> trivalent live attenuated vaccine containing vaccine strains Edmonston (measles) + RA27\/3 (rubella) + Jeryl Lynn or RIT 4385 (mumps) + administered in two doses in the Quebec Immunization Program (QIP): 1st dose at 12 months + 2nd dose at 18 months (or catch-up upon entering kindergarten) + two doses offer protective efficacy against mumps of 88 %(95% CI %: 67\u201395 %) \u2014 slightly lower than that against measles (97 % ) and rubella (94 % )<\/li>\n <li><strong>Vaccine catch-up for adults:<\/strong> Anyone born after 1969 in Quebec must have received two documented doses of the MMR vaccine. Adults without proof of vaccination or born before 1970 (assumed to have natural immunity) may receive a catch-up dose if there is a risk of exposure. The RAMQ reimburses the MMR vaccine for adult catch-up according to PQI criteria.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Troisi\u00e8me dose en contexte \u00e9pid\u00e9mique :<\/strong> during documented outbreaks in closed communities (university campuses + military facilities + summer camps) \u2192 a third dose of MMR may be recommended by the Public Health Department for people at high risk of exposure + effectiveness of a 3rd dose estimated at 88 % for the prevention of mumps during direct exposure<\/li>\n <li><strong>Contraindications to MMR vaccine:<\/strong> Pregnancy (live attenuated vaccine + avoid pregnancy for 4 weeks after vaccination) + severe immunosuppression (chemotherapy + high-dose corticosteroids + advanced stage AIDS) + history of anaphylactic reaction to vaccine components (hydrolyzed porcine gelatin + neomycin) + egg allergy is not an absolute contraindication in current practice (modern MMR vaccine contains minimal traces of egg protein + administrable in a monitored medical setting)<\/li>\n <li><strong>Mesures de contr\u00f4le lors d'un cas :<\/strong> Mandatory reporting (MADO) to the Regional Public Health Department (DRSP) within 24\u201348 hours + exclusion from school or community for 5 days after symptom onset + identification and vaccination of unvaccinated contacts (vaccination within 72 hours can reduce risk in exposed contacts)<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <div class=\"co-urgence\">\n <div class=\"co-urgence-titre\">Situations requiring urgent medical assessment<\/div>\n <p>Consulter aux urgences imm\u00e9diatement si des oreillons s'accompagnent d'une raideur de nuque + de c\u00e9phal\u00e9es intenses + d'une photophobie + d'une confusion ou de convulsions (m\u00e9ningite ou enc\u00e9phalite ourlienne) + ou d'une baisse auditive soudaine unilat\u00e9rale (surdit\u00e9 ourlienne \u2014 urgence ORL). Consulter un m\u00e9decin le jour m\u00eame si un homme adulte pr\u00e9sentant des oreillons d\u00e9veloppe une douleur testiculaire + un gonflement scrotal + une fi\u00e8vre \u00e9lev\u00e9e (orchite ourlienne \u2014 instaurer rapidement le traitement de support et \u00e9valuer l'indication d'une corticoth\u00e9rapie).<\/p>\n <p>Pour la confirmation diagnostique des oreillons (RT-PCR + s\u00e9rologie), la d\u00e9claration obligatoire \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 publique, la mise \u00e0 jour vaccinale RRO et la prise en charge des complications, Clinique Omicron offre des consultations m\u00e9dicales dans ses points de service au Qu\u00e9bec et en t\u00e9l\u00e9m\u00e9decine. Pour prendre rendez-vous, visitez <a href=\"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\" style=\"color:#c0392b;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">cliniqueomicron.ca<\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2>Consult at Clinique Omicron<\/h2>\n <p>Les m\u00e9decins et infirmiers praticiens sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s (IPS) de Clinique Omicron diagnostiquent et prennent en charge les oreillons et leurs complications, prescrivent la RT-PCR et la s\u00e9rologie ourlienne, effectuent la d\u00e9claration obligatoire \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 publique, \u00e9valuent le statut vaccinal et administrent le vaccin RRO de rattrapage aux adultes non immunis\u00e9s, et orientent vers l'ORL en cas de sympt\u00f4mes auditifs ou vers l'urologie en cas d'orchite s\u00e9v\u00e8re. Des consultations sont disponibles dans plusieurs points de service au Qu\u00e9bec et en t\u00e9l\u00e9m\u00e9decine. Pour prendre rendez-vous, visitez <a href=\"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\" style=\"color:#4D6577;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">cliniqueomicron.ca<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n <p class=\"co-disclaimer\">Le contenu de cette page est fourni \u00e0 titre informatif uniquement et ne remplace pas l'avis d'un m\u00e9decin. Les oreillons sont une maladie \u00e0 d\u00e9claration obligatoire au Qu\u00e9bec \u2014 tout cas confirm\u00e9 ou suspect\u00e9 doit \u00eatre signal\u00e9 \u00e0 la Direction r\u00e9gionale de sant\u00e9 publique. La vaccination RRO \u00e0 deux doses reste le moyen le plus efficace de pr\u00e9venir les oreillons et leurs complications.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : sympt\u00f4mes, complications et vaccination | Clinique Omicron Infectiologie & M\u00e9decine de famille & Sant\u00e9 publique Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) Les oreillons \u2014 \u00e9galement d\u00e9sign\u00e9s parotidite ourlienne ou parotidite \u00e9pid\u00e9mique \u2014 sont une maladie infectieuse virale aigu\u00eb caus\u00e9e par le virus ourlien (Mumps virus), appartenant au genre Rubulavirus de la famille des Paramyxoviridae.… <a href=\"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/oreillons\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Mumps (Epidemic Parotitis): Symptoms, Complications, and Vaccination | Clinique Omicron<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":100,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_metasync_otto_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : | Brossard | Clinique Omicron","_metasync_otto_description":"","_metasync_otto_keywords":"","_metasync_otto_og_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : | Brossard | Clinique Omicron","_metasync_otto_og_description":"","_metasync_otto_twitter_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : | Brossard | Clinique Omicron","_metasync_otto_twitter_description":"","rank_math_title":"","rank_math_description":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_aioseo_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : sympt\u00f4mes, complications et vaccination | Clinique Omicron","_aioseo_description":"Les oreillons causent une parotidite bilat\u00e9rale f\u00e9brile douloureuse. Orchite (20\u201350 % des hommes adultes), m\u00e9ningite aseptique, surdit\u00e9, vaccin RRO deux doses et d\u00e9claration MADO au Qu\u00e9bec.","_metasync_seo_title":"","_metasync_seo_desc":"","_metasync_breadcrumb_title":"","_metasync_primary_category":0,"_metasync_primary_product_cat":0,"_metasync_otto_disabled":"","_metasync_hreflang":"","_metasync_plugin_sync_ts":"{\"aioseo\":\"2026-05-04T21:51:46+00:00\"}","_metasync_robots_advanced":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24836","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24836","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24836"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24836\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30819,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24836\/revisions\/30819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24836"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\nMumps (Epidemic Parotitis): Symptoms, Complications, and Vaccination | Clinique Omicron<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les oreillons sont une infection virale causant une parotidite bilat\u00e9rale douloureuse. Complications (orchite, m\u00e9ningite, pancr\u00e9atite), vaccination RRO et prise en charge au Qu\u00e9bec.\">\n<meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"oreillons, parotidite ourlienne, oreillons sympt\u00f4mes, oreillons complications, oreillons orchite, oreillons m\u00e9ningite, vaccin oreillons RRO, oreillons adulte, oreillons Qu\u00e9bec, parotidite virale\">\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Cinzel:wght@600&family=Poppins:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n<style>\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Cinzel:wght@600&family=Poppins:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap');\n\n.co-wrap * {\n font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n.co-wrap {\n max-width: 1100px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n padding: 30px 0 60px;\n margin-top: 10px;\n}\n.co-label {\n font-family: 'Cinzel', serif;\n font-size: 14px;\n font-weight: bold;\n letter-spacing: 1px;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n color: #4D6577;\n margin-bottom: 14px;\n display: block;\n}\n.co-wrap h1 {\n font-size: 32px;\n font-weight: 500;\n color: #323C52;\n margin: 0 0 22px;\n line-height: 1.2;\n letter-spacing: 0.5px;\n}\n.co-intro {\n font-size: 16px;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.75;\n color: #4D6577;\n margin-bottom: 36px;\n padding-bottom: 32px;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(77,101,119,.2);\n}\n.co-wrap h2 {\n font-size: 20px;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: #323C52;\n margin: 32px 0 12px;\n letter-spacing: 0.3px;\n}\n.co-wrap p {\n font-size: 15px;\n font-weight: 400;\n color: #4D6577;\n line-height: 1.7;\n margin-bottom: 14px;\n}\n.co-list {\n list-style: none;\n padding: 0;\n margin: 12px 0 24px;\n}\n.co-list li {\n font-size: 15px;\n font-weight: 400;\n color: #4D6577;\n padding: 10px 14px 10px 38px;\n margin-bottom: 8px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n position: relative;\n background: rgba(77,101,119,.06);\n border-left: 3px solid #4D6577;\n}\n.co-list li::before {\n content: \"\u2713\";\n position: absolute;\n left: 12px;\n font-weight: 700;\n color: #4D6577;\n}\n.co-table {\n width: 100%;\n border-collapse: collapse;\n margin: 14px 0 22px;\n font-size: 14px;\n border-radius: 8px;\n overflow: hidden;\n}\n.co-table thead tr {\n background: #323C52;\n color: #fff;\n}\n.co-table thead th {\n padding: 11px 16px;\n text-align: left;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: 13px;\n}\n.co-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) {\n background: rgba(77,101,119,.06);\n}\n.co-table tbody tr:nth-child(odd) {\n background: #fff;\n}\n.co-table td {\n padding: 10px 16px;\n color: #4D6577;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(77,101,119,.12);\n font-size: 14px;\n vertical-align: top;\n}\n.co-table td:first-child {\n font-weight: 600;\n color: #323C52;\n}\n.co-infobox {\n display: flex;\n gap: 12px;\n background: rgba(77,101,119,.06);\n border-radius: 8px;\n border-left: 4px solid #4D6577;\n padding: 14px 18px;\n margin: 18px 0 28px;\n font-size: 14px;\n font-weight: 400;\n color: #4D6577;\n line-height: 1.65;\n}\n.co-infobox .ico {\n font-size: 18px;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.co-urgence {\n background: #fff8f8;\n border-left: 5px solid #c0392b;\n border-radius: 6px;\n padding: 20px 26px;\n margin: 24px 0 32px;\n}\n.co-urgence .co-urgence-titre {\n font-size: 13px;\n font-weight: 700;\n color: #c0392b;\n letter-spacing: 1.5px;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n}\n.co-urgence p {\n color: #5a2020;\n font-size: 14px;\n margin: 0 0 10px;\n line-height: 1.7;\n}\n.co-urgence p:last-child {\n margin-bottom: 0;\n}\n.co-disclaimer {\n font-size: 13px;\n color: #8a9aaa;\n font-style: italic;\n border-top: 1px solid rgba(77,101,119,.15);\n padding-top: 24px;\n margin-top: 40px;\n line-height: 1.6;\n}\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"co-wrap\">\n\n <span class=\"co-label\">Infectiologie & M\u00e9decine de famille & Sant\u00e9 publique<\/span>\n <h1>Mumps (mumps parotitis)<\/h1>\n\n <div class=\"co-intro\">\n Les oreillons \u2014 \u00e9galement d\u00e9sign\u00e9s parotidite ourlienne ou parotidite \u00e9pid\u00e9mique \u2014 sont une maladie infectieuse virale aigu\u00eb caus\u00e9e par le virus ourlien (<em>Mumps virus<\/em>), belonging to the genre <em>Rubulavirus<\/em> of the family of <em>Paramyxoviridae<\/em>. Transmitted by respiratory droplets and direct contact with the saliva of an infected person, the virus is highly contagious, with a basic reproduction index (R\u2080) estimated at 4 to 7 in a non-immune population. The most characteristic and well-known clinical manifestation is bilateral parotitis - painful swelling of the parotid glands on either side of the face giving the patient a characteristic \u00abhamster\u00bb or \u00abmoon\u00bb appearance - although up to 20-30 % of infections are asymptomatic and 40-50 % present as non-specific upper respiratory symptoms without obvious parotid involvement. Before the introduction of the MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella) vaccine into Canadian immunization programs in 1969-1971, mumps was a major cause of acquired deafness in children, viral meningitis and orchitis in adolescents and young adults. Since then, incidence has fallen by more than 99 % in Quebec and the rest of Canada. However, epidemics persist in under-vaccinated communities and among young adults who have received two doses of vaccine but whose immunity has waned over time - a phenomenon observed during documented epidemics in several North American colleges and universities since 2006, explaining why some societies of preventive medicine recommend a third dose of vaccine in epidemic contexts. Mumps is a notifiable disease in Quebec. In unvaccinated adults, the disease is generally more severe than in children, with a higher risk of complications - orchitis (testicular inflammation) affecting 20 to 50 % of affected post-pubertal men, and leading to testicular atrophy and, in rare cases, male infertility.\n <\/div>\n\n <h2>Virologie, transmission et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie<\/h2>\n <ul class=\"co-list\">\n <li><strong>Agent pathog\u00e8ne :<\/strong> Paramyxovirus, negative-sense single-stranded RNA, enveloped, two surface proteins: hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN - cell receptor sialic acid binding) and fusion protein (F - membrane fusion and viral entry), 12 identified genotypes (A through N), genotypes C, D, G, H, and J currently most prevalent in North America, vaccines based on the Jeryl Lynn strain (genotype A) provide effective cross-protection against the majority of circulating genotypes despite genetic divergences<\/li>\n <li><strong>Transmission:<\/strong> respiratory droplets (coughing + sneezing + talking) + direct contact with infected saliva (kissing + sharing utensils + sharing bottles) + the virus is present in saliva 7 days before the onset of parotitis up to 9 days after + maximal contagiousness period in the 2 days before and 5 days after the onset of symptoms<\/li>\n <li><strong>P\u00e9riode d'incubation :<\/strong> 16 to 18 days (range: 12 to 25 days) + one of the longest incubations among common viral infections<\/li>\n <li><strong>Pathogen\u00e8se :<\/strong> primary replication in the respiratory epithelium + viremia \u2192 dissemination to salivary glands (parotid ++), testes, ovaries, pancreas, meninges, inner ear + glandular acinar cell affection \u2192 inflammation + edema + local cell necrosis<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie au Qu\u00e9bec :<\/strong> fewer than 100 cases reported annually since the 1990s + sporadic epidemics associated with university campuses + summer camps + religious communities refusing vaccination + importations during international travel + young adults born between 1970 and 1985 (having received only one dose of vaccine in childhood) represent a risk group during outbreaks<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>Clinical presentation<\/h2>\n\n <table class=\"co-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>Stage and manifestations<\/th>\n <th>Clinical description<\/th>\n <th>Duration and evolution<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td>Prodrome (1 \u00e0 2 jours avant la parotidite)<\/td>\n <td>Fi\u00e8vre mod\u00e9r\u00e9e (38 \u00e0 39 \u00b0C) + c\u00e9phal\u00e9es + malaise g\u00e9n\u00e9ral + myalgies + anorexie + douleur \u00e0 la mastication + douleur \u00e0 l'oreille accentu\u00e9e par la mastication ou la d\u00e9glutition + la douleur pr\u00e9auriculaire peut pr\u00e9c\u00e9der le gonflement visible de 24 \u00e0 48 heures<\/td>\n <td>1 \u00e0 2 jours + souvent peu marqu\u00e9 chez l'enfant<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Parotidite aigu\u00eb \u2014 phase caract\u00e9ristique<\/td>\n <td>Gonflement douloureux des glandes parotides, d'abord unilat\u00e9ral puis bilat\u00e9ral dans 70 \u00e0 80 % des cas en 1 \u00e0 5 jours + aspect caract\u00e9ristique en \u00ab hamster \u00bb \u2014 visage arrondi avec effacement du sillon pr\u00e9auriculaire + distal de la branche mandibulaire + le canal de St\u00e9non (ostium excr\u00e9teur de la parotide) appara\u00eet \u00e9ryth\u00e9mateux et \u0153d\u00e9mateux \u00e0 l'examen de la muqueuse buccale (contrairement aux parotidites bact\u00e9riennes suppur\u00e9es o\u00f9 du pus est exprim\u00e9) + fi\u00e8vre souvent entre 38 et 40 \u00b0C + douleur aggrav\u00e9e par les aliments acides (jus de citron + vinaigrette) qui stimulent la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion salivaire<\/td>\n <td>Gonflement maximal \u00e0 J3\u2013J4 + r\u00e9gression progressive sur 7 \u00e0 10 jours + r\u00e9solution compl\u00e8te en 10 \u00e0 14 jours<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Forms without parotitis<\/td>\n <td>20 \u00e0 30 % des infections asymptomatiques + 40 \u00e0 50 % pr\u00e9sentent des sympt\u00f4mes respiratoires sup\u00e9rieurs non sp\u00e9cifiques ou une fi\u00e8vre isol\u00e9e sans gonflement parotidien \u00e9vident + parfois atteinte des glandes sous-mandibulaires ou sublinguales seules (difficile \u00e0 distinguer cliniquement d'une ad\u00e9nopathie cervicale)<\/td>\n <td>Contagiosit\u00e9 identique aux formes avec parotidite + diagnostic souvent manqu\u00e9 \u2192 importance \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique pour la transmission<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n\n <h2>Complications<\/h2>\n\n <table class=\"co-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>Complication<\/th>\n <th>Fr\u00e9quence et caract\u00e9ristiques<\/th>\n <th>Support<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td>Ourlian orchid<\/td>\n <td>20 \u00e0 50 % des hommes post-pub\u00e8res atteints + survient 4 \u00e0 8 jours apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de la parotidite + unilat\u00e9rale dans 80 \u00e0 90 % des cas + douleur testiculaire intense + gonflement + \u00e9ryth\u00e8me scrotal + fi\u00e8vre \u00e9lev\u00e9e (39 \u00e0 40 \u00b0C) + peut pr\u00e9c\u00e9der la parotidite ou survenir sans parotidite dans 30 % des cas + atrophie testiculaire dans 30 \u00e0 50 % des testicules touch\u00e9s + infertilit\u00e9 masculine dans moins de 13 % des cas d'orchite bilat\u00e9rale (rare car l'orchite bilat\u00e9rale ne touche que 15\u201330 % des hommes avec orchite)<\/td>\n <td>Traitement symptomatique : suspension scrotale + AINS ou parac\u00e9tamol + application de glace + repos + cortico\u00efdes (prednisolone 1 mg\/kg\/j \u00d7 3\u20135 jours) pour r\u00e9duire l'inflammation et le risque d'atrophie testiculaire dans les formes s\u00e9v\u00e8res (efficacit\u00e9 non formellement prouv\u00e9e mais utilis\u00e9s en pratique) + pas de traitement antiviral efficace disponible<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>M\u00e9ningite aseptique ourlienne<\/td>\n <td>Complication la plus fr\u00e9quente des oreillons (5 \u00e0 15 % des cas symptomatiques) + souvent subclinique + c\u00e9phal\u00e9es + raideur de nuque + photophobie + peut pr\u00e9c\u00e9der + accompagner ou suivre la parotidite de plusieurs jours + LCR : pl\u00e9iocytose lymphocytaire (10 \u00e0 2 000 cellules\/\u00b5L) + prot\u00e9ines l\u00e9g\u00e8rement \u00e9lev\u00e9es + glucose normal ou l\u00e9g\u00e8rement abaiss\u00e9 + le virus est d\u00e9tectable dans le LCR par PCR + \u00e9volution spontan\u00e9ment favorable en 3 \u00e0 10 jours dans la quasi-totalit\u00e9 des cas<\/td>\n <td>Traitement symptomatique : antalgiques + repos + hydratation + ponction lombaire si doute diagnostique avec m\u00e9ningite bact\u00e9rienne + pronostic excellent + s\u00e9quelles neurologiques tr\u00e8s rares<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Enc\u00e9phalite ourlienne<\/td>\n <td>Rare (1\u20132 pour 10 000 cas) mais grave + confusion + convulsions + troubles de la conscience + peut survenir sans parotidite + mortalit\u00e9 1,4 % + s\u00e9quelles neurologiques permanentes possibles<\/td>\n <td>Hospitalisation en soins intensifs + traitement de support + anticonvulsivants si \u00e9pilepsie + pas de traitement antiviral sp\u00e9cifique efficace<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Surdit\u00e9 neurosensorielle<\/td>\n <td>Surdit\u00e9 de perception unilat\u00e9rale dans 1 pour 20 000 cas + principale cause de surdit\u00e9 unilat\u00e9rale acquise chez l'enfant dans les pays sans vaccination universelle + m\u00e9canisme : atteinte de la cochl\u00e9e et du nerf cochl\u00e9aire par le virus + souvent irreversible<\/td>\n <td>Audiologie d\u00e8s la phase aigu\u00eb si sympt\u00f4mes auditifs (acouph\u00e8nes + baisse d'acuit\u00e9 auditive) + r\u00e9habilitation auditive si surdit\u00e9 permanente + pas de traitement curatif<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Pancr\u00e9atite ourlienne<\/td>\n <td>4 % des cas + douleur \u00e9pigastrique + naus\u00e9es + vomissements + \u00e9l\u00e9vation des lipases et de l'amylase + g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement l\u00e9g\u00e8re et auto-r\u00e9solutive + examen utile : lipase s\u00e9rique (plus sp\u00e9cifique que l'amylase pour la pancr\u00e9atite dans ce contexte + l'amylase peut \u00eatre \u00e9lev\u00e9e par la parotidite elle-m\u00eame)<\/td>\n <td>Traitement symptomatique + di\u00e8te hydrique + antidouleurs + l'hypoglyc\u00e9mie post-pancr\u00e9atite ourlienne est exceptionnelle + r\u00e9solution en 1 \u00e0 2 semaines<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Oophoritis (in women)<\/td>\n <td>5 % des femmes post-pub\u00e8res atteintes + douleur pelvienne + douleur annexielle + beaucoup moins bien document\u00e9e que l'orchite masculine + infertilit\u00e9 d\u00e9finitive rarement rapport\u00e9e + insuffisance ovarienne pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e exceptionnelle<\/td>\n <td>Symptomatic treatment + NSAIDs + analgesics<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n\n <div class=\"co-infobox\">\n <span class=\"ico\">\u2139\ufe0f<\/span>\n <span>L'orchite ourlienne chez l'homme adulte non vaccin\u00e9 est l'une des complications les plus redout\u00e9es des oreillons \u2014 30 \u00e0 50 % des testicules touch\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentent une atrophie r\u00e9siduelle. Tout homme adulte pr\u00e9sentant une parotidite bilat\u00e9rale f\u00e9brile doit \u00eatre pr\u00e9venu du risque d'orchite et consulter imm\u00e9diatement si une douleur testiculaire appara\u00eet dans les jours suivants, afin d'instaurer rapidement le traitement de support et, selon la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9, une corticoth\u00e9rapie. Cette complication souligne l'importance capitale de la vaccination RRO (deux doses) chez tous les adultes qui n'ont pas re\u00e7u le sch\u00e9ma complet dans leur enfance.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2>Biological diagnosis<\/h2>\n <ul class=\"co-list\">\n <li><strong>RT-PCR (transcription inverse \u2014 r\u00e9action en cha\u00eene par polym\u00e9rase) sur pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement buccal ou urinaire :<\/strong> reference method + saliva or oral swab collection + to be performed within 9 days of the onset of parotitis (maximum sensitivity within the first 3 days) + allows for direct detection of viral genome + typing of the epidemic genotype for epidemiological surveillance + method recommended by the Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec (INSPQ) for case confirmation in an epidemic context<\/li>\n <li><strong>S\u00e9rologie (IgM et IgG anti-virus ourlien) :<\/strong> IgM anti-mumps \u2192 present from the 3rd-5th day after symptom onset + persist for 2-3 months + indicate recent infection + can be falsely negative in the early days and in vaccinated individuals (attenuated IgM response in case of revaccination) + IgG \u2192 present 1-2 weeks after onset + persist for life (natural or vaccine-induced immunity) + seroconversion (rise in IgG titer between two samples 14 days apart) confirms acute infection in cases of negative IgM<\/li>\n <li><strong>Bilan biologique compl\u00e9mentaire selon les complications :<\/strong> serum lipase and amylase (pancreatitis) + CBC (leukopenia + relative lymphocytosis often seen in viral infections) + CSF if meningitis suspected (lymphocytic pleocytosis + mumps PCR on CSF) + audiometry if hearing loss<\/li>\n <li><strong>Salivary amylase (S isoenzyme):<\/strong> Mumps (viral + bacterial + salivary calculi) can suggest the diagnosis but is not specific. Elevated total amylase in mumps does not necessarily indicate pancreatitis (pancreatic amylase P + salivary amylase S both contribute to total amylase).<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h2>Pr\u00e9vention \u2014 vaccination RRO et contexte qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois<\/h2>\n <ul class=\"co-list\">\n <li><strong>Vaccin RRO (Rougeole-Rub\u00e9ole-Oreillons) :<\/strong> trivalent live attenuated vaccine containing vaccine strains Edmonston (measles) + RA27\/3 (rubella) + Jeryl Lynn or RIT 4385 (mumps) + administered in two doses in the Quebec Immunization Program (QIP): 1st dose at 12 months + 2nd dose at 18 months (or catch-up upon entering kindergarten) + two doses offer protective efficacy against mumps of 88 %(95% CI %: 67\u201395 %) \u2014 slightly lower than that against measles (97 % ) and rubella (94 % )<\/li>\n <li><strong>Vaccine catch-up for adults:<\/strong> Anyone born after 1969 in Quebec must have received two documented doses of the MMR vaccine. Adults without proof of vaccination or born before 1970 (assumed to have natural immunity) may receive a catch-up dose if there is a risk of exposure. The RAMQ reimburses the MMR vaccine for adult catch-up according to PQI criteria.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Troisi\u00e8me dose en contexte \u00e9pid\u00e9mique :<\/strong> during documented outbreaks in closed communities (university campuses + military facilities + summer camps) \u2192 a third dose of MMR may be recommended by the Public Health Department for people at high risk of exposure + effectiveness of a 3rd dose estimated at 88 % for the prevention of mumps during direct exposure<\/li>\n <li><strong>Contraindications to MMR vaccine:<\/strong> Pregnancy (live attenuated vaccine + avoid pregnancy for 4 weeks after vaccination) + severe immunosuppression (chemotherapy + high-dose corticosteroids + advanced stage AIDS) + history of anaphylactic reaction to vaccine components (hydrolyzed porcine gelatin + neomycin) + egg allergy is not an absolute contraindication in current practice (modern MMR vaccine contains minimal traces of egg protein + administrable in a monitored medical setting)<\/li>\n <li><strong>Mesures de contr\u00f4le lors d'un cas :<\/strong> Mandatory reporting (MADO) to the Regional Public Health Department (DRSP) within 24\u201348 hours + exclusion from school or community for 5 days after symptom onset + identification and vaccination of unvaccinated contacts (vaccination within 72 hours can reduce risk in exposed contacts)<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <div class=\"co-urgence\">\n <div class=\"co-urgence-titre\">Situations requiring urgent medical assessment<\/div>\n <p>Consulter aux urgences imm\u00e9diatement si des oreillons s'accompagnent d'une raideur de nuque + de c\u00e9phal\u00e9es intenses + d'une photophobie + d'une confusion ou de convulsions (m\u00e9ningite ou enc\u00e9phalite ourlienne) + ou d'une baisse auditive soudaine unilat\u00e9rale (surdit\u00e9 ourlienne \u2014 urgence ORL). Consulter un m\u00e9decin le jour m\u00eame si un homme adulte pr\u00e9sentant des oreillons d\u00e9veloppe une douleur testiculaire + un gonflement scrotal + une fi\u00e8vre \u00e9lev\u00e9e (orchite ourlienne \u2014 instaurer rapidement le traitement de support et \u00e9valuer l'indication d'une corticoth\u00e9rapie).<\/p>\n <p>Pour la confirmation diagnostique des oreillons (RT-PCR + s\u00e9rologie), la d\u00e9claration obligatoire \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 publique, la mise \u00e0 jour vaccinale RRO et la prise en charge des complications, Clinique Omicron offre des consultations m\u00e9dicales dans ses points de service au Qu\u00e9bec et en t\u00e9l\u00e9m\u00e9decine. Pour prendre rendez-vous, visitez <a href=\"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\" style=\"color:#c0392b;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">cliniqueomicron.ca<\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2>Consult at Clinique Omicron<\/h2>\n <p>Les m\u00e9decins et infirmiers praticiens sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s (IPS) de Clinique Omicron diagnostiquent et prennent en charge les oreillons et leurs complications, prescrivent la RT-PCR et la s\u00e9rologie ourlienne, effectuent la d\u00e9claration obligatoire \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 publique, \u00e9valuent le statut vaccinal et administrent le vaccin RRO de rattrapage aux adultes non immunis\u00e9s, et orientent vers l'ORL en cas de sympt\u00f4mes auditifs ou vers l'urologie en cas d'orchite s\u00e9v\u00e8re. Des consultations sont disponibles dans plusieurs points de service au Qu\u00e9bec et en t\u00e9l\u00e9m\u00e9decine. Pour prendre rendez-vous, visitez <a href=\"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\" style=\"color:#4D6577;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">cliniqueomicron.ca<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n <p class=\"co-disclaimer\">Le contenu de cette page est fourni \u00e0 titre informatif uniquement et ne remplace pas l'avis d'un m\u00e9decin. Les oreillons sont une maladie \u00e0 d\u00e9claration obligatoire au Qu\u00e9bec \u2014 tout cas confirm\u00e9 ou suspect\u00e9 doit \u00eatre signal\u00e9 \u00e0 la Direction r\u00e9gionale de sant\u00e9 publique. La vaccination RRO \u00e0 deux doses reste le moyen le plus efficace de pr\u00e9venir les oreillons et leurs complications.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : sympt\u00f4mes, complications et vaccination | Clinique Omicron Infectiologie & M\u00e9decine de famille & Sant\u00e9 publique Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) Les oreillons \u2014 \u00e9galement d\u00e9sign\u00e9s parotidite ourlienne ou parotidite \u00e9pid\u00e9mique \u2014 sont une maladie infectieuse virale aigu\u00eb caus\u00e9e par le virus ourlien (Mumps virus), appartenant au genre Rubulavirus de la famille des Paramyxoviridae.… <a href=\"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/oreillons\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Mumps (Epidemic Parotitis): Symptoms, Complications, and Vaccination | Clinique Omicron<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":100,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_metasync_otto_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : | Brossard | Clinique Omicron","_metasync_otto_description":"","_metasync_otto_keywords":"","_metasync_otto_og_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : | Brossard | Clinique Omicron","_metasync_otto_og_description":"","_metasync_otto_twitter_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : | Brossard | Clinique Omicron","_metasync_otto_twitter_description":"","rank_math_title":"","rank_math_description":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_aioseo_title":"Oreillons (parotidite ourlienne) : sympt\u00f4mes, complications et vaccination | Clinique Omicron","_aioseo_description":"Les oreillons causent une parotidite bilat\u00e9rale f\u00e9brile douloureuse. Orchite (20\u201350 % des hommes adultes), m\u00e9ningite aseptique, surdit\u00e9, vaccin RRO deux doses et d\u00e9claration MADO au Qu\u00e9bec.","_metasync_seo_title":"","_metasync_seo_desc":"","_metasync_breadcrumb_title":"","_metasync_primary_category":0,"_metasync_primary_product_cat":0,"_metasync_otto_disabled":"","_metasync_hreflang":"","_metasync_plugin_sync_ts":"{\"aioseo\":\"2026-05-04T21:51:46+00:00\"}","_metasync_robots_advanced":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24836","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24836","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24836"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24836\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30819,"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24836\/revisions\/30819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cliniqueomicron.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24836"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}