Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of compensated workplace injuries in Quebec, accounting for more than 30 % of all claims filed with the CNESST (Commission des normes, de l’équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail, 2023). Back, shoulder, wrist, or lower limb pain: these conditions affect office workers and manual laborers alike, and their human and economic cost is considerable.
The good news is that a large part of these disorders is preventable with targeted preventive measures and early management when the first symptoms appear.
What is a work-related TMS?
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) encompass a range of conditions affecting muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and joint structures. They develop gradually due to repetitive strain, prolonged awkward postures, excessive exertion, or vibrations. Carpal tunnel syndrome in workers who use keyboards, shoulder tendinopathies in workers at heights, lower back pain in vehicle drivers and workers who lift heavy loads, and neck pain in office workers are representative examples.
Psychosocial factors at work, such as chronic stress, low job control, and a lack of recognition, also contribute to the risk of WMSDs by increasing muscle tension and reducing pain tolerance.
Workplace prevention
Ergonomics is the most effective prevention tool against musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Adapting the workstation to the employee's physical characteristics, reducing repetitive motions through task rotation, introducing active breaks, and using appropriate equipment all lessen the strain on musculoskeletal structures. An ergonomic assessment by a certified professional can identify the specific risks of each job and suggest targeted solutions.
Employee training on proper handling techniques, correct work postures, and early symptom recognition complements physical accommodations. An employee who knows how to recognize the early signs of a musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) and seeks prompt consultation is less likely to develop a chronic, disabling condition.
Medical care
Early management of MSDs significantly improves the prognosis. The physician or NPS assesses the condition, prescribes appropriate investigations if necessary, and refers to physiotherapy or occupational therapy. Physiotherapy is the first-line treatment for most MSDs: it reduces pain, improves mobility, and strengthens the affected structures.
Within the framework of the CNESST, the attending physician plays a particular role: they must assess the link between the condition and work, document the injury, and coordinate vocational rehabilitation. The medical file and the attending physician's reports are central documents in processing the compensation claim.
Frequently Asked Questions about Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) at Work
Are MSDs recognized as workplace injuries in Quebec?
Yes, if a link is established between the condition and the working conditions. The attending physician documents this link in the initial report to the CNESST. The employer can contest the recognition, but the burden of proof is on them.
What to do if the employer doesn't take the recommended preventive measures?
Employees can report a risky situation to their health and safety representative or directly to the CNESST. CNESST inspectors have the power to impose corrective measures on employers who do not meet their obligations regarding workplace health and safety.
Can remote work cause musculoskeletal disorders?
Yes. Poorly set up home offices, often on ordinary tables with unsuitable chairs, are a growing source of MSDs, particularly cervical pain and lower back pain. Ergonomic principles apply at home just as they do in the office.
When to consult a healthcare professional
If you are experiencing persistent work-related musculoskeletal pain, if you would like a medical evaluation as part of a CNESST claim, or if you are an employer and wish to implement a preventive approach, a medical consultation is necessary.
A physician or nurse practitioner can assess your condition, initiate management, and coordinate administrative processes if necessary. An in-person or teleconsultation at one of our Omicron Clinic in Quebec gives you quick access.
All our services
Omicron Clinic
Need to consult a doctor?
Treatment within 24-48 hours. In-clinic or telemedicine, anywhere in Quebec.
Insurance receipts. 7j/7. No family doctor required.
